Abstract: Scientifically assessing the suitability for island development and conducting simulation assessments of island safety contribute to orderly and safe planning for island development. Taking the 9 islands in Guangzhou as an example, we constructed an evaluation index system for the suitability of island development, based on sustainability and a dual perspective of ecology-economy. Additionally, we conducted simulation assessments of extreme weather events and ground subsidence risks for suitable developed island,identifying risk factors related to island hazards and proposed resilient planning strategies. The findings indicate that: ① There are 3 priority-developed islands in Guangzhou City, along with 4 suitable-developed ones. It is recommended that appropriate expansion be made based on the resource endowment of each island while controlling their spatial capacity. ② Additionally,Dahaosha Island & Shichuansha Island must be exercised regarding surface subsidence as well as typhoon storm surge risks during their development process.