石油污染对东方小藤壶(Chthamalus challengeri)Ⅱ期无节幼虫的急性毒性效应

齐磊磊; 沙婧婧; 唐学玺

doi:10.13634/j.cnki.mes.2015.03.008

石油污染对东方小藤壶(Chthamalus challengeri)Ⅱ期无节幼虫的急性毒性效应

中国海洋大学海洋生命学院生态系, 山东青岛 266003

基金项目:

国家海洋局公益项目(201305009,201005007)

详细信息

作者简介:
齐磊磊(1985-),男,山东青岛人,博士研究生,主要从事海洋生态毒理学方面的研究,E-mail:oucqilei@163.com

通讯作者:
唐学玺,教授,博士生导师,E-mail:tangxx@ouc.edu.cn

中图分类号: X55
计量
- 文章访问数: 3528
- HTML全文浏览量: 116
- PDF下载量: 154
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-03-19
- 修回日期: 2014-07-15

Acute toxic effects of crude oil pollution on Nauplius Ⅱ of Chthamalus challengeri

Department of Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China

摘要

摘要: 日益严重的海洋石油污染给海洋生态环境带来严峻考验,为了获悉石油污染对海洋生物的急性毒性效应,在实验生态条件下,采用静态实验的方法,研究了不同浓度的原油水溶成分(Water-Accommodated Fraction,WAF)对东方小藤壶(Chthamalus challengeri)Ⅱ期无节幼虫的影响。结果表明:(1)孤二联原油的WAF胁迫48 h,对幼虫的存活率、发育率、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的酶活力均未产生显著影响(p0.05)。(2)随着WAF胁迫浓度的升高,幼虫的趋光性呈现先上升后下降的趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的酶活力呈现上升趋势,但这两种变化趋势均不显著(p0.05)。与对照组相比,幼虫的趋光性和SOD的酶活力仅在最高浓度为27 mg/L的处理组发生显著变化(p0.05)。(3)孤二联原油的WAF对藤壶幼虫毒性作用较小的原因,可能是东方小藤壶Ⅱ期幼虫对石油污染具有较强的抗性,也可能是孤二联原油WAF中溶解的易挥发、低沸点的烃类物质较少。(4)与存活率、发育率和CAT酶活力相比,幼虫的趋光性和SOD酶活力的变化能更加灵敏、准确地反映出WAF对藤壶幼虫的急性毒性效应,因此幼虫的趋光性和SOD酶活力具有成为监测海洋石油污染的生物标志物的可能性。
- 石油污染 /
- 东方小藤壶 /
- 趋光性 /
- 发育率 /
- 抗氧化酶
Abstract: Oil pollution is a severe threat to the marine ecological environment. To figure out the acute toxic effect of oil pollution on marine organisms, the effects of water-accommodated fraction(WAF)of crude oil on nauplius Ⅱ of Chthamalus challengeri were examined under the condition of the laboratory adopting the static test method. The results showed that: (1) The survival rate, developmental rate and Catalase (CAT) activity were not significantly affected after being stressed by WAF for 48 h (p0.05). (2) With the increasing of the concentration of WAF, phototaxis and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity did not show significant variation (p0.05). As a whole, the fluctuation of phototaxis of nauplius Ⅱ exhibited a downward trend after rising first and an upward trend was observed for the fluctuation of the SOD activity. Phototaxis and SOD activity were significantly changed only by WAF of 27 mg/L(p0.05).(3) The reason for the low toxic effects on the larvae might lie in the stronger resistance of larvae to oil pollution or the small amount of volatile and low boiling point hydrocarbon dissolved in WAF. (4) The phototaxis and SOD activity of nauplius Ⅱ might be employed as monitor indicators for the pollution of oil in the ocean, because they were much more sensitive and precise to reflect the acute toxicity effects of WAF than that of survival rate, developmental rate and CAT activity.
- oil pollution /
- Chthamalus challengeri /
- phototaxis /
- developmental rate /
- antioxidase

HTML全文

参考文献(1)

[1]

姜朝军,乔庆林,周培根,等.菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)养殖水体中石油烃安全限量的研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2006,32(5):14-19.[2]高迎新,陆小华,邓皓.石油烃在水面上蒸发过程的研究[J].油气田环境保护,2000,10(2):24-25.[4]黄逸君,江志兵,曾江宁,等.石油烃污染对海洋浮游植物群落的短期毒性效应[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(9):1095-1106.[5]钟硕良,吴立峰,陈燕婷.三都湾网箱养殖鱼类体石油烃含量水平及其分布特征[J].台湾海峡,2006,25(3):407-413.[6]姜朝军,乔庆林,蔡友琼,等.菲律宾蛤仔对石油烃的污染动力学和阈值研究[J].海洋渔业,2006,28(4):314-320.[7]张爱君,邹洁,马兆党,等.石油污染对牡蛎超显微结构毒性效应的研究[J].海洋环境科学,2006,25(S1):6-10.[10]刘晓军,刘贵昌,宋树军,等.Ca2+、Mg2+、Cu2+对海洋污损生物的协同毒性效应[J].海洋环境科学,2010,29(5):733-735.[11]马士德,谢肖勃,黄修明,等.藤壶附着对海水中金属腐蚀的影响[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,1995,15(1):74-78.[18]张语克,冯丹青,刘万民,等.5种重金属对白脊藤壶无节幼体的急性毒性研究[J].台湾海峡,2007,26(1):133-140.[19] GB 17378.4-2007,海洋监测规范第4 部分:海水分析[S].[20]铁镝,刘贵昌,刘晓军,等.环境温度对东方小藤壶(Chthamalus challengeri)生命表征的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2010,29(2):191-195.[21]MALINS D C.Effects of petroleum on arctic and subarctic marine environments and organisms[M].New York:Academic Press,1977:256-260.[22]张传松,王修林,石晓勇,等.东海赤潮高发区COD和石油烃分布特征及其与赤潮发生关系的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(7):1093-1096.[24]吴永贵,袁玲,黄建国.Cr6+的隆线溞趋光指数与LC50急性毒性的比较[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):905-909.[25]马剑敏,李今,张改娜,等.Hg2+与POD复合处理对小麦萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].植物学通报,2004,21(5):531-538.